Preceding the village system being established with the founding ofKonohagakure by the Senju and Uchiha clan, the Warring States Period(戦国時代, Sengoku Jidai) was an extremely lengthy and bloody period in history where hundreds of individual shinobi clans fought in constant, bitter warfare. More often than not, these clans were extremely isolated and only looked out for the well-being of their own members, and as such battled other clans constantly to not only survive but to cement their martial standing in society.
History
During this era, conflicts perpetually arose between the various nations as each crusaded for more rights and land. In order to wage these wars, each individual shinobi clan rented its military might to the highest bidder.[1] Due to the unrelenting violence, the average life-span for a shinobi as well as civilians were a mere 30 years, though the single biggest reason for the continuing fall in life expectancy was the slaughter of countless conscripted children.[2] With the continued loss of their kin, a never ending cycle of death and revenge was born, which saw shinobi having to even conceal their surnames for fear of retaliation.[3] It was during this time period that Madara Uchiha and Hashirama Senju met and eventually befriended each other. Angered by the senseless slaughter of their siblings, the two began to dream of a world where peace reigned and children live full lives instead of dying prematurely on the battlefield. They also began to train with each other in hopes of achieving it. Unfortunately, this friendship was short lived as both were discovered by their respective fathers and brothers. With Madara choosing to protect his brother at all costs, the two former friends drifted apart and were forced to fight each other on the battlefield.
Amongst the warring clans, only two came to be feared as the strongest: the Senju clan and the Uchiha clan, who developed a deep enmity as they were often hired to oppose one another due to their rivalling strength. Eventually, both Hashirama Senju and Madara Uchiha grew to become the respective leaders of these rival clans, but despite their childhood friendship and shared dreams, the two were inevitably pitted against one another. During this time, Madara and his brotherdiscovered the secret of the Sharingan; becoming the first to awaken theMangekyō Sharingan. Though with the constant battles, Madara's vision degraded further and further until he acquired Izuna's Mangekyō Sharingan, integrated it into his own and gained the "Eternal" Mangekyō Sharingan.[4][5]
However, after decades of conflict, most of the clans under the Uchiha and Senju banners were growing weary of the continued bloodshed. Some time before Konoha's founding and after the death of Izuna, some members of the Uchiha clan began to willingly surrender, realising from recent skirmishes that they were outclassed by the Senju. The two clans were later urged to form a lasting truce by Hashirama (who still hoped to achieve his and Madara's original dream of peace). The only person who opposed this peace was Madara, who argued for the Uchiha clan to continue the fighting as he was still bitter after the death of Izuna, but was ultimately persuaded to join in a permanent alliance with the Senju clan after Hashirama demonstrated his worth by nearly committing suicide in compensation. Soon after, a pact was formed with the Land of Fire and thus,Konohagakure was formed. This set a precedence which others soon followed, creating the Five Great Shinobi Countries, as well as some smaller, outlying villages and settlements.[6] Realising that there must be a balance of power if there was to be any prospect of peace, Hashirama convened the firstKage Summit in order to distribute the tailed beasts he had under his control between the five major powers. However, peace wouldn't last. Some time after Konoha's founding, a disillusioned Madara would defect from the village, challenge Hashirama at the Valley of the End, and was ultimately defeated. Soon afterwards, the villages began to compete with each other for resources and this competition eventually escalated into the First Shinobi World War.
Influence
The Sengoku Period (戦国時代, Sengoku Jidai) or Warring States Period, was a timespan of three centuries where the Ashikaga Shogunate collapsed and Japan was torn into various factions in the midst of a bloody civil war. This moment in history was the time of many of famous ninja such as Hattori Hanzō. It was also an era where shinobi were in high demand for unconventional tactics such as infiltration, espionage, assasination, and sabotage. But after the war resolved in 1615 AD with the establishment of the Tokugawa Shogunate, their services were cut in a united Japan and, ninja began to fade into history. The Warring States Period (simplified Chinese: 战国时代; traditional Chinese: 戰國時代; pinyin: Zhànguó Shídài) was also timespan of three centuries in Chinese History where the Zhou Dynasty was extinguished and the Chinese Empire split in to various warring city-states. It followed the Spring and Autumn period and concluded with the victory of the state of Qin in 221 BC; creating a unified China under the Qin Dynasty.
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